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    • Breast
      • Breast cancer screening
      • Screening in underserved populations
      • Breast cancer diagnosis wait time
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
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        • Breast cancer resections that are mastectomies
        • The use of breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomies for breast cancer resections
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        • Post-operative radiation therapy for stage I or II breast cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
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      • Breast cancer screening outside recommended guidelines
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Colorectal
      • Colorectal cancer screening
      • Geographic variation in colorectal cancer risk
      • Screening in underserved populations
      • Colorectal cancer diagnosis wait time
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Surgery
        • Removal and examination of 12 or more lymph nodes in colon resections
        • Resection rates for stage II or III rectal cancer, stage III colon cancer and stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
      • Radiation therapy
        • Pre-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage II or III rectal cancer
      • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Lung
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Geographic variation in lung cancer risk
      • Resection rates for stage II or IIIA Non-snmall cell lung cancer patients
      • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Prostate
      • PSA testing
      • Prostate risk profile
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Prostate wait times for surgery
      • Prostate wait times for radiation therapy
      • Radical prostatectomy: open versus laparoscopic surgery
      • Prostate patterns of care: radiation and surgical treatment
      • Prostate access to palliative radiation
      • Prostate clinical trials participation
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Prostate cancer research investment
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence & Mortality Rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Cervical
      • Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination
      • Cervical cancer screening
      • Screening in underserved populations
    • Pancreas
      • Incidence and mortality rates
    • Stage Distribution
  • Province & Territory
  • 1. Prevention
  • 2. Screening
  • 3. Diagnosis
  • 4. Treatment
  • 5. Person-Centred Perspective
  • 6. Research
  • 7. Appropriateness
  • 8. Long-term outcomes
  • Smoking prevalence
  • Smoking behaviours in current cancer patients
  • Smoking cessation
  • Second-hand smoke exposure
  • Geographic variation in lung cancer risk
  • Alcohol consumption
  • Adult overweight and obesity
  • Active transportation
  • Physical inactivity
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination
  • Fruit and vegetable consumption
  • Geographic variation in colorectal cancer risk
  • Cervical cancer screening
  • Breast cancer screening
  • Colorectal cancer screening
  • PSA testing
  • Screening in underserved populations
  • Breast cancer diagnosis wait times
  • Colorectal cancer diagnosis wait times
  • Capture of stage
  • Stage distribution
  • Prostate risk profile
  • Surgery
  • Radiation therapy
  • Systemic therapy
  • Removal and examination of 12 or more lymph nodes in colon resections
  • Resection rates for stage II or III rectal cancer, stage III colon cancer and stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
  • The use of breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomies for breast cancer resections
  • Breast cancer resections that are mastectomies
  • High-risk, resource-intensive surgeries for esophageal, pancreatic, liver, lung and ovarian cancers in Canada
  • Prostate wait times for surgery
  • Radical prostatectomy: open versus laparoscopic surgery
  • Radiation therapy wait times
  • Radiation therapy utilization and capacity
  • Pre-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage II or III rectal cancer
  • Post-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage I or II breast cancer
  • Prostate wait times for radiation therapy
  • Prostate patterns of care: radiation and surgical treatment
  • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer patients
  • Post-operative chemotherapy for patients with stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer
  • Screening for distress
  • Patient satisfaction
  • Place of death
  • Prostate access to palliative radiation
  • Adult clinical trial participation
  • Prostate clinical trials participation
  • Pediatric clinical trial participation
  • Cancer research investment
  • Prostate cancer research investment
  • Breast cancer screening outside of guidelines
  • Breast cancer mastectomies done as day surgery
  • Intensive care use in the last two weeks of life
  • Breast cancer
  • Lung cancer
  • Colorectal cancer
  • Prostate cancer
  • Pancreatic cancer
  • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
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  • 3. Diagnosis
  • Prostate risk profile

Prostate risk profile

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    Charts and Tables

    Figure 3.12

    Incidence rates for non-metastatic prostate cancer (men aged ≥ 35)†, by province, by risk category, age-standardized to the 2011 population — 2012 diagnosis year

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    † Estimated using risk category data from 2012 diagnosis year and age-standardized incidence rates from 2010; see the Technical Appendix available at systemperformance.ca for more details.
    A total of 93.9% of men had non-metastatic prostate cancer; 6.1% of cases were metastatic and were excluded from the analysis.
    Data source: Provincial cancer agencies and Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry.

    Data Table

    Risk CategoryProvinceCasesRisk Category (%), 2012 diagnosis yrAge-Standardized Incidence Rate (overall), 2010 diagnosis yrAge-standardized Incidence Rate (per 100,000 men)
    Low-riskBC31510.0221.522.2
    Low-riskAB41619.4238.946.3
    Low-riskSK13320.0198.139.6
    Low-riskMB6511.9223.426.6
    Low-riskNB13526.8283.375.9
    Low-riskNS17926.9241.464.9
    Low-riskPE4840.0311.4124.6
    Low-riskNL12031.1287.389.4
    Intermediate-riskBC82226.1221.557.8
    Intermediate-riskAB1,07950.2238.9119.9
    Intermediate-riskSK28142.3198.183.8
    Intermediate-riskMB17231.5223.470.4
    Intermediate-riskNB28055.7283.3157.8
    Intermediate-riskNS23435.1241.484.7
    Intermediate-riskPE3125.8311.480.3
    Intermediate-riskNL14537.6287.3108.0
    High-riskBC81825.9221.557.4
    High-riskAB52124.3238.958.0
    High-riskSK20030.1198.159.6
    High-riskMB21639.6223.488.5
    High-riskNB7915.7283.344.5
    High-riskNS15222.8241.455.0
    High-riskPE3025.0311.477.9
    High-riskNL10326.7287.376.7
    Unable to classifyBC1,19838.0221.584.2
    Unable to classifyAB1326.1238.914.6
    Unable to classifySK507.5198.114.9
    Unable to classifyMB9317.0223.438.0
    Unable to classifyNB91.8283.35.1
    Unable to classifyNS10115.2241.436.7
    Unable to classifyPE119.2311.428.7
    Unable to classifyNL184.7287.313.5

    + Expand Table

    † Estimated using risk category data from 2012 diagnosis year and age-standardized incidence rates from 2010; see the Technical Appendix available at systemperformance.ca for more details.
    A total of 93.9% of men had non-metastatic prostate cancer; 6.1% of cases were metastatic and were excluded from the analysis.
    Data source: Provincial cancer agencies and Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry.

    Figure 3.13

    Distribution of non-metastatic prostate cancer cases (men aged ≥ 35), by risk category, by age group — 2012 diagnosis year

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    Data include: BC, AB, SK, MB, NB, NS, PE, NL.
    Data source: Provincial cancer agencies.

    Data Table

    Age GroupRisk CategoryCasesPercent (%)Lower bound of 95% confidence intervalUpper bound of 95% confidence interval
    35-49Low-risk7142.835.150.7
    35-49Intermediate-risk7545.237.553.1
    35-49High-risk2012.07.518.0
    50-64Low-risk75127.726.029.4
    50-64Intermediate-risk1,37650.848.952.7
    50-64High-risk58321.520.023.1
    65-79Low-risk55417.216.018.6
    65-79Intermediate-risk1,49246.544.748.2
    65-79High-risk1,16636.334.638.0
    80+Low-risk357.25.19.9
    80+Intermediate-risk10120.817.324.7
    80+High-risk35072.067.876.0

    + Expand Table

    Data include: BC, AB, SK, MB, NB, NS, PE, NL.
    Data source: Provincial cancer agencies.

    Table 2.1

    Criteria for which risk categories were assigned for non-metastatic prostate cancer cases based on the definition set out by Genitourinary Radiation Oncologists of Canada

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    Table 2.1
  • Data specifications

    Data specifications

    Incidence rates for non-metastatic prostate cancer

    Definition: The incidence rate in each risk category that would have occurred if the age distribution in the population of interest was the same as that of the standard, where incidence rate is defined as the number of non-metastatic prostate cancer cases (men aged 35 and older) newly diagnosed during a specific time period, per 100,000 men. This indicator was estimated by multiplying the age-standardized incidence rates in 2010 by the proportion of cases in each risk category in 2012.

    Rationale for measurement: Risk categorization systems are commonly used for evaluating patients with localized prostate cancer (i.e., whose cancers have not spread) as they 1) better clarify prognosis and 2) can help guide decisions about treatment for patients with localized prostate cancer.

    Measurement timeframe: Risk category data from 2012 diagnosis year and age-standardized incidence rates from 2010

    Denominator: Total male population aged ≥ 35 diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2012

    Numerator: Of the denominator, the total number of prostate cancer cases (men aged ≥ 35) in a defined risk category (low-, intermediate-, or high-risk based on GUROC)

    Exclusion criteria: Not applicable

    Data availability: BC, AB, SK, MB, NB, NS, PE, NL

    Stratification: By province

    Data source: Provincial cancer agencies (risk categories) and Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (age standardized incidence)

    Data retrieval date: Not available

    Variables details: Not applicable

    Notes from jurisdictions: Not applicable

    Methodology notes: Consensus Risk Categories as follows:

    1. Low-risk; must have ALL of the following:
      • PSA ≤ 10ng/ml<
      • Biopsy Gleason Score ≤ 6
      • Clinical Stage T1-T2a
    1. Intermediate-risk; must have all of the following if not low risk:
      • PSA ≤ 20ng/ml
      • Biopsy Gleason Score =7
      • Clinical Stage T1/T2
    1. High-risk; must have ANY of the following:
      • PSA > 20ng/ml
      • Biopsy Gleason Score = 8-10
      • Clinical Stage T3a-T4 1.

    1. Inclusions: Provincial residents only, cases with clinical stage if stage is needed to classify the risk
    2. Exclusions: M1 cases
    3. CS Extension – Clinical Extension used to extract data for Stage
    4. CS Site-Specific Factor 8 (SSF8) used to extract data for Biopsy Gleason Score
    5. CS Site-Specific Factor 1 (SSF1) used to extract data for PSA Value
    6. Stage T2NOS is treated as T2c
    7. Valid Biopsy Gleason Score – see indicator 1 below for definition
    8. Valid PSA Value – see indicator 2 below for definition
    9. **Valid Clinical Stage: cases with clinical stage, exclude cases with error, T0, TX

    Changes to definition compared to previous years: Not applicable


    Distribution of non-metastatic prostate cancer cases

    Definition: Distribution of non-metastatic prostate cancer cases (men aged ≥ 35), by risk category

    Rationale for measurement: Risk categorization systems are commonly used for evaluating patients with localized prostate cancer (i.e., whose cancers have not spread) as they 1) better clarify prognosis and 2) can help guide decisions about treatment for patients with localized prostate cancer.

    Measurement timeframe: 2012 diagnosis year

    Denominator: Total male population aged ≥ 35 diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2012

    Numerator: Of the denominator, the total number of prostate cancer cases (men aged ≥ 35) in a defined risk category (low-, intermediate-, or high-risk based on GUROC)

    Exclusion criteria: Not applicable

    Data availability: BC, AB, SK, MB, NB, NS, PE, NL

    Stratification: By age group (35-49, 50-64, 65-79, 80+)

    Data source: Provincial cancer agencies

    Data retrieval date: Not available

    Variables details: Not applicable

    Notes from jurisdictions: Not applicable

    Methodology notes: Consensus Risk Categories as follows:

    1. Low-risk; must have ALL of the following:
      • PSA ≤ 10ng/ml
      • Biopsy Gleason Score ≤ 6
      • Clinical Stage T1-T2a
    1. Intermediate-risk; must have all of the following if not low risk:
      • PSA ≤ 20ng/ml
      • Biopsy Gleason Score =7
      • Clinical Stage T1/T2
    1. High-risk; must have ANY of the following:
      • PSA > 20ng/ml
      • Biopsy Gleason Score = 8-10
      • Clinical Stage T3a-T4 1.

    1. Inclusions: Provincial residents only, cases with clinical stage if stage is needed to classify the risk
    2. Exclusions: M1 cases
    3. CS Extension – Clinical Extension used to extract data for Stage
    4. CS Site-Specific Factor 8 (SSF8) used to extract data for Biopsy Gleason Score
    5. CS Site-Specific Factor 1 (SSF1) used to extract data for PSA Value
    6. Stage T2NOS is treated as T2c
    7. Valid Biopsy Gleason Score – see indicator 1 below for definition
    8. Valid PSA Value – see indicator 2 below for definition
    9. **Valid Clinical Stage: cases with clinical stage, exclude cases with error, T0, TX

    Changes to definition compared to previous years: Not applicable

  • Related indicators

    Related Indicators

    PSA testing

    Percentage of men (aged ≥ 35) reporting at least one PSA test† in the past one year, two years or ever, by province/territory – 2010-2013 reporting years combined
    View this indicator
    Stage distribution

    Distribution of cases by stage at diagnosis for prostate cancer – 2013 diagnosis year
    View this indicator
    Prostate cancer

    Incidence rates for prostate cancer, by stage at diagnosis and province, age-standardized to the 2011 Canadian population — 2015 diagnosis year
    View this indicator
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