Index

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  • Cancer Control Domain
  • Disease Site
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  • Disease Site
    • Breast
      • Breast cancer screening
      • Screening in underserved populations
      • Breast cancer diagnosis wait time
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Surgery
        • Breast cancer resections that are mastectomies
        • The use of breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomies for breast cancer resections
      • Radiation therapy
        • Post-operative radiation therapy for stage I or II breast cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Cancer research investment
      • Breast cancer screening outside recommended guidelines
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Colorectal
      • Colorectal cancer screening
      • Geographic variation in colorectal cancer risk
      • Screening in underserved populations
      • Colorectal cancer diagnosis wait time
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Surgery
        • Removal and examination of 12 or more lymph nodes in colon resections
        • Resection rates for stage II or III rectal cancer, stage III colon cancer and stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
      • Radiation therapy
        • Pre-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage II or III rectal cancer
      • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Lung
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Geographic variation in lung cancer risk
      • Resection rates for stage II or IIIA Non-snmall cell lung cancer patients
      • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Prostate
      • PSA testing
      • Prostate risk profile
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Prostate wait times for surgery
      • Prostate wait times for radiation therapy
      • Radical prostatectomy: open versus laparoscopic surgery
      • Prostate patterns of care: radiation and surgical treatment
      • Prostate access to palliative radiation
      • Prostate clinical trials participation
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Prostate cancer research investment
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence & Mortality Rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Cervical
      • Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination
      • Cervical cancer screening
      • Screening in underserved populations
    • Pancreas
      • Incidence and mortality rates
    • Stage Distribution
  • Province & Territory
  • 1. Prevention
  • 2. Screening
  • 3. Diagnosis
  • 4. Treatment
  • 5. Person-Centred Perspective
  • 6. Research
  • 7. Appropriateness
  • 8. Long-term outcomes
  • Smoking prevalence
  • Smoking behaviours in current cancer patients
  • Smoking cessation
  • Second-hand smoke exposure
  • Geographic variation in lung cancer risk
  • Alcohol consumption
  • Adult overweight and obesity
  • Active transportation
  • Physical inactivity
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination
  • Fruit and vegetable consumption
  • Geographic variation in colorectal cancer risk
  • Cervical cancer screening
  • Breast cancer screening
  • Colorectal cancer screening
  • PSA testing
  • Screening in underserved populations
  • Breast cancer diagnosis wait times
  • Colorectal cancer diagnosis wait times
  • Capture of stage
  • Stage distribution
  • Prostate risk profile
  • Surgery
  • Radiation therapy
  • Systemic therapy
  • Removal and examination of 12 or more lymph nodes in colon resections
  • Resection rates for stage II or III rectal cancer, stage III colon cancer and stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
  • The use of breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomies for breast cancer resections
  • Breast cancer resections that are mastectomies
  • High-risk, resource-intensive surgeries for esophageal, pancreatic, liver, lung and ovarian cancers in Canada
  • Prostate wait times for surgery
  • Radical prostatectomy: open versus laparoscopic surgery
  • Radiation therapy wait times
  • Radiation therapy utilization and capacity
  • Pre-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage II or III rectal cancer
  • Post-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage I or II breast cancer
  • Prostate wait times for radiation therapy
  • Prostate patterns of care: radiation and surgical treatment
  • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer patients
  • Post-operative chemotherapy for patients with stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer
  • Screening for distress
  • Patient satisfaction
  • Place of death
  • Prostate access to palliative radiation
  • Adult clinical trial participation
  • Prostate clinical trials participation
  • Pediatric clinical trial participation
  • Cancer research investment
  • Prostate cancer research investment
  • Breast cancer screening outside of guidelines
  • Breast cancer mastectomies done as day surgery
  • Intensive care use in the last two weeks of life
  • Breast cancer
  • Lung cancer
  • Colorectal cancer
  • Prostate cancer
  • Pancreatic cancer
  • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
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  • Cancer control domain
  • 8. Long-term outcomes
  • Colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer

  • Charts and Tables

    Charts and Tables

    Figure 8.9

    Incidence and mortality rates† for colorectal cancer, by sex, Canada — from 1992 to 2014

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    † Age-standardized to 2011 Canadian population.

    QC: Cancer incidence data not available for 2011, 2012 and 2013 diagnosis years. The 2010 Quebec data have been copied forward into 2011, 2012 and 2013.

    Data source: Statistics Canada, Vital Statistics Death Database, Canadian Cancer Registry (CANSIM).

    Data Table

    YearMeasureSexAge-standardized incidence rate (per 100,000 population)Lower bound of 95% confidence intervalUpper bound of 95% confidence interval
    1992IncidenceFemale58.757.360.1
    1992IncidenceMale85.683.687.5
    1992MortalityFemale28.227.329.2
    1992MortalityMale43.141.644.5
    1993IncidenceFemale58.757.360.1
    1993IncidenceMale82.080.183.9
    1993MortalityFemale28.227.329.2
    1993MortalityMale40.939.542.3
    1994IncidenceFemale57.656.258.9
    1994IncidenceMale83.281.485.1
    1994MortalityFemale27.826.928.7
    1994MortalityMale41.840.443.2
    1995IncidenceFemale56.154.857.4
    1995IncidenceMale81.379.583.2
    1995MortalityFemale27.526.628.5
    1995MortalityMale41.540.142.8
    1996IncidenceFemale54.753.556.0
    1996IncidenceMale79.777.981.5
    1996MortalityFemale27.426.528.3
    1996MortalityMale40.639.241.9
    1997IncidenceFemale55.053.756.2
    1997IncidenceMale79.677.881.4
    1997MortalityFemale26.125.227.0
    1997MortalityMale39.538.240.8
    1998IncidenceFemale58.156.859.4
    1998IncidenceMale82.680.884.3
    1998MortalityFemale27.026.227.9
    1998MortalityMale40.038.741.3
    1999IncidenceFemale56.955.658.1
    1999IncidenceMale83.882.085.5
    1999MortalityFemale26.125.327.0
    1999MortalityMale39.338.040.6
    2000IncidenceFemale58.357.059.5
    2000IncidenceMale85.984.187.7
    2000MortalityFemale25.424.626.2
    2000MortalityMale39.338.040.5
    2001IncidenceFemale57.356.158.6
    2001IncidenceMale84.883.186.5
    2001MortalityFemale24.924.125.7
    2001MortalityMale37.436.238.6
    2002IncidenceFemale56.755.557.9
    2002IncidenceMale83.782.085.4
    2002MortalityFemale24.623.825.4
    2002MortalityMale38.237.039.4
    2003IncidenceFemale55.754.656.9
    2003IncidenceMale81.079.382.6
    2003MortalityFemale23.823.124.6
    2003MortalityMale36.835.637.9
    2004IncidenceFemale56.355.157.5
    2004IncidenceMale82.681.084.3
    2004MortalityFemale24.123.324.9
    2004MortalityMale37.135.938.2
    2005IncidenceFemale56.054.857.1
    2005IncidenceMale82.480.884.0
    2005MortalityFemale23.522.824.3
    2005MortalityMale36.635.537.7
    2006IncidenceFemale54.453.355.5
    2006IncidenceMale81.479.882.9
    2006MortalityFemale22.021.322.7
    2006MortalityMale34.633.535.6
    2007IncidenceFemale55.053.956.1
    2007IncidenceMale81.780.283.2
    2007MortalityFemale22.922.223.6
    2007MortalityMale33.932.935.0
    2008IncidenceFemale54.553.455.6
    2008IncidenceMale82.180.683.7
    2008MortalityFemale22.121.422.8
    2008MortalityMale34.233.235.2
    2009IncidenceFemale54.052.955.1
    2009IncidenceMale79.978.581.4
    2009MortalityFemale21.220.521.9
    2009MortalityMale32.731.733.7
    2010IncidenceFemale53.252.254.3
    2010IncidenceMale75.674.277.0
    2010MortalityFemale20.920.221.5
    2010MortalityMale31.530.632.4
    2011IncidenceFemale52.751.653.7
    2011IncidenceMale76.475.077.8
    2011MortalityFemale21.020.421.7
    2011MortalityMale31.730.832.7
    2012IncidenceFemale52.651.553.6
    2012IncidenceMale74.673.275.9
    2012MortalityFemale19.919.320.6
    2012MortalityMale30.629.831.5
    2013IncidenceFemale52.050.953.0
    2013IncidenceMale75.574.176.8
    2013MortalityFemale20.219.620.9
    2013MortalityMale29.929.130.8
    2014MortalityFemale20.019.420.6
    2014MortalityMale29.628.830.5

    + Expand Table

    † Age-standardized to 2011 Canadian population.

    QC: Cancer incidence data not available for 2011, 2012 and 2013 diagnosis years. The 2010 Quebec data have been copied forward into 2011, 2012 and 2013.

    Data source: Statistics Canada, Vital Statistics Death Database, Canadian Cancer Registry (CANSIM).

    Figure 8.12

    Incidence rates for colorectal cancer, by stage at diagnosis and province, age-standardized to the 2011 Canadian population — 2015 diagnosis year

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    "– " Data not available.

    Data source: Provincial cancer agencies and programs.

    Data Table

    JurisdictionStage at DiagnosisAge-standardized incidence (rate per 100,000 women)
    BCStage I16.8
    BCStage II16.2
    BCStage III21.4
    BCStage IV12.8
    ABStage I19
    ABStage II17.5
    ABStage III19
    ABStage IV14.4
    SKStage I23.2
    SKStage II19.2
    SKStage III23.2
    SKStage IV20
    MBStage I16.4
    MBStage II19.9
    MBStage III25.1
    MBStage IV16.2
    ONStage I16
    ONStage II16.4
    ONStage III18.9
    ONStage IV11.5
    QCStage I–
    QCStage II–
    QCStage III–
    QCStage IV–
    NBStage I16
    NBStage II20
    NBStage III21
    NBStage IV16
    NSStage I21.8
    NSStage II20.4
    NSStage III22.4
    NSStage IV20.2
    PEStage I16.8
    PEStage II20.5
    PEStage III32.2
    PEStage IV12.1
    NLStage I26.4
    NLStage II34.2
    NLStage III32.5
    NLStage IV20.8
    YTStage I–
    YTStage II–
    YTStage III–
    YTStage IV–
    NTStage I–
    NTStage II–
    NTStage III–
    NTStage IV–
    NUStage I–
    NUStage II–
    NUStage III–
    NUStage IV–

    + Expand Table

    "– " Data not available.

    Data source: Provincial cancer agencies and programs.

  • Data specifications

    Data specifications

    Cancer deaths

    Definition: Age-standardized mortality rates per 100,000 population died from the specified cancer sites

    Rationale for measurement: Data and metrics regarding age-standardized mortality rates are needed to provide an accurate measure of the burden of disease across Canada.

    Measurement timeframe: Years 1992 to 2014

    Denominator: Canadian population estimates by year, sex and age group

    Numerator: Number of deaths in the measure timeframe from the specified cancers

    Exclusion criteria: For breast cancer, males were excluded

    Data availability: All provinces and territories

    Stratification: 

    1. By cancer site: prostate, lung, breast (female), colorectal
    2. By sex if applicable
    3. By year

    Data sources: Statistics Canada, Vital Statistics Death Database

    Data retrieval date: December 2017

    Variables details:

    1. Up to the year 1999, the cause of deaths from invasive cancer sites/types were defined in ICD-9:
      • Prostate: 185
      • Lung: 162
      • Breast (female): 174
      • Colorectal: 153-154
    2. After the year 1999, the cause of deaths from invasive cancer sites/types were defined in ICD-10:
      • Prostate: C61.9
      • Lung: C34
      • Breast: C50
      • Colorectal: C18, C19.9, C20.9, C26.0

    Notes from jurisdictions: Not applicable

    Methodology notes: 

    1. Data presented were jurisdictions combined for ages 0+.
    2. The cause of death from cancer sites/types were classified by World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Up to the year 1999, the Ninth Edition (ICD-9) was used. After the year 1999, the Tenth Edition (ICD-10) was used.
    3. Mortality rates were age standardized to the Canadian 2011 population using direct method.

    Changes to definition compared to previous years: Not applicable


    Cancer incidence

    Definition: Age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 population diagnosed for the specified cancer sites

    Rationale for measurement: Data and metrics regarding age-standardized incidence rates and trends are needed to provide an accurate measure of the burden of disease across Canada.

    Measurement timeframe: Years 1992 to 2013

    Denominator: Canadian population estimates by year, sex and age group

    Numerator: Number of new invasive cases for the specified cancers diagnosed in the measure timeframe

    Exclusion criteria: For breast cancer, males were excluded

    Data availability: Data were aggregated at national level:

    • All provinces and territories, except QC which 2010 data have been copied forward to 2011, 2012 and 2013.

    Stratification: Data were aggregated at national level:

    • By cancer site: prostate, lung, breast (female), colorectal
    • By sex if applicable
    • By year

    Data source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry (CANSIM table 103-0554

    Data retrieval date: October 2017

    Variables details: The cancer sites/types were defined in ICD-O3 with behavior code 3 (invasive):

    • Prostate: 9
    • Lung: C34
    • Breast: C50
    • Colorectal: C18, C19.9, C20.9, C26.0

    Cancer cases with histology types 9590-9992 (leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma), 9050-9055 (mesothelioma) and 9140 (Kaposi sarcoma) are excluded.

    Notes from jurisdictions: Not applicable

    Methodology notes:

    1. Data presented were jurisdictions combined for ages 0+.
    2. The cancer incidence sites/types were classified by World Health Organization, International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition (ICD- O-3). The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) rules were used for determining multiple primaries sites.
    3. QC incidence data were not available for 2011 onward, incidence cases and population data in 2010 were copied forward to 2011, 2012 and 2013
    4. Incidence rates were age standardized to the Canadian 2011 population using direct method.

    Changes to definition compared to previous years: Not applicable

  • Related indicators

    Related Indicators

    Colorectal cancer screening

    Participation rate in colorectal cancer screening programs in a 30-month period (%), by jurisdiction – 2013-14 screening years combined
    View this indicator
    Colorectal cancer diagnosis wait times

    Median and 90th percentile wait times from abnormal fecal test result to follow-up colonoscopy, by jurisdiction – 2015 screening year
    View this indicator
    Removal and examination of 12 or more lymph nodes in colon resections

    Percentage of colon resections with 12 or more lymph nodes removed and examined, by jurisdiction — 2011 to 2014 diagnosis years
    View this indicator
    Post-operative chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer patients

    Percentage of Stage III colon cancer patients receiving chemotherapy following surgical resection, by age group — from 2009 to 2012 diagnosis years
    View this indicator
    Geographic variation in colorectal cancer risk

    Geographic variation in modifiable risk factors and colorectal cancer incidence – latest reporting years
    Map of Canada showing provincial incidence rates of colorectal cancer per 100,000 people, and identifying each province as lower, medium or high risk priority areas for focused prevention efforts. BC: 63.5 incidence rate; lower risk. AB: 62.7 incidence rate.; lower risk SK: 72.1 incidence rate; middle risk. MB: 62.9 incidence rate; middle risk. ON: 55.0 incidence rate; lower risk. QC: 68.4 incidence rate; lower risk. NB: 60.6 incidence rate; higher risk. NS: 70.5 incidence rate; higher risk. PE: 77.3 incidence rate; middle risk. NL: 94.9 incidence rate; higher risk. YT: 56.7 incidence rate; lower risk. NT: 95.4 incidence rate; higher risk. NU: 86.9 incidence rate; middle risk.

    † Composites were created by summation of jurisdictional cancer risk factors (overweight and obesity, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption and low fruit and vegetables consumption) and their respective prevalence. Derived values were then divided into tertiles to generate groups of lower, middle and higher risk.

    ‡ For incidence rates for territories, years 2012 to 2014 were combined.

    E Interpret with caution due to large variability in the estimate.

    QC: cancer incidence data are not available for diagnosis years after 2010. The 2010 Quebec incidence and population data have been copied forward to 2014 for the calculation.

    Data sources: Statistics Canada: Canadian Community Health Survey, Canadian Cancer Registry.

    View this indicator
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