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  • Disease Site
    • Breast
      • Breast cancer screening
      • Screening in underserved populations
      • Breast cancer diagnosis wait time
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Surgery
        • Breast cancer resections that are mastectomies
        • The use of breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomies for breast cancer resections
      • Radiation therapy
        • Post-operative radiation therapy for stage I or II breast cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Cancer research investment
      • Breast cancer screening outside recommended guidelines
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Colorectal
      • Colorectal cancer screening
      • Geographic variation in colorectal cancer risk
      • Screening in underserved populations
      • Colorectal cancer diagnosis wait time
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Surgery
        • Removal and examination of 12 or more lymph nodes in colon resections
        • Resection rates for stage II or III rectal cancer, stage III colon cancer and stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
      • Radiation therapy
        • Pre-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage II or III rectal cancer
      • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Lung
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Geographic variation in lung cancer risk
      • Resection rates for stage II or IIIA Non-snmall cell lung cancer patients
      • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Prostate
      • PSA testing
      • Prostate risk profile
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Prostate wait times for surgery
      • Prostate wait times for radiation therapy
      • Radical prostatectomy: open versus laparoscopic surgery
      • Prostate patterns of care: radiation and surgical treatment
      • Prostate access to palliative radiation
      • Prostate clinical trials participation
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Prostate cancer research investment
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence & Mortality Rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Cervical
      • Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination
      • Cervical cancer screening
      • Screening in underserved populations
    • Pancreas
      • Incidence and mortality rates
    • Stage Distribution
  • Province & Territory
  • 1. Prevention
  • 2. Screening
  • 3. Diagnosis
  • 4. Treatment
  • 5. Person-Centred Perspective
  • 6. Research
  • 7. Appropriateness
  • 8. Long-term outcomes
  • Smoking prevalence
  • Smoking behaviours in current cancer patients
  • Smoking cessation
  • Second-hand smoke exposure
  • Geographic variation in lung cancer risk
  • Alcohol consumption
  • Adult overweight and obesity
  • Active transportation
  • Physical inactivity
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination
  • Fruit and vegetable consumption
  • Geographic variation in colorectal cancer risk
  • Cervical cancer screening
  • Breast cancer screening
  • Colorectal cancer screening
  • PSA testing
  • Screening in underserved populations
  • Breast cancer diagnosis wait times
  • Colorectal cancer diagnosis wait times
  • Capture of stage
  • Stage distribution
  • Prostate risk profile
  • Surgery
  • Radiation therapy
  • Systemic therapy
  • Removal and examination of 12 or more lymph nodes in colon resections
  • Resection rates for stage II or III rectal cancer, stage III colon cancer and stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
  • The use of breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomies for breast cancer resections
  • Breast cancer resections that are mastectomies
  • High-risk, resource-intensive surgeries for esophageal, pancreatic, liver, lung and ovarian cancers in Canada
  • Prostate wait times for surgery
  • Radical prostatectomy: open versus laparoscopic surgery
  • Radiation therapy wait times
  • Radiation therapy utilization and capacity
  • Pre-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage II or III rectal cancer
  • Post-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage I or II breast cancer
  • Prostate wait times for radiation therapy
  • Prostate patterns of care: radiation and surgical treatment
  • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer patients
  • Post-operative chemotherapy for patients with stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer
  • Screening for distress
  • Patient satisfaction
  • Place of death
  • Prostate access to palliative radiation
  • Adult clinical trial participation
  • Prostate clinical trials participation
  • Pediatric clinical trial participation
  • Cancer research investment
  • Prostate cancer research investment
  • Breast cancer screening outside of guidelines
  • Breast cancer mastectomies done as day surgery
  • Intensive care use in the last two weeks of life
  • Breast cancer
  • Lung cancer
  • Colorectal cancer
  • Prostate cancer
  • Pancreatic cancer
  • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
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  • 6. Research
  • Prostate cancer research investment

Prostate cancer research investment

  • Charts and Tables

    Charts and Tables

    Figure 6.7

    Distribution of cancer research investment (2012), new cancer cases (2010) and cancer deaths (2011), by disease site, Canada

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    "Other" refers to the remaining primary types of cancer listed in ICD-O-3. Included are all other invasive types and in situ for bladder.

    Data source for cancer research investment: Canadian Cancer Research Alliance, Canadian Cancer Research Survey.

    Data source for new cancer cases: Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry.

    Data source for cancer deaths: Statistics Canada, Vital Statistics Death Database.

    Source: CANSIM Table 103-0553 for cancer cases, CANSIM Table 102-0552 for cancer deaths.

    Data Table

    CancerCategoryNew CasesPercent (%)
    Breast2012 Investment ($)$75,936,15526.5
    BreastNew Cases21,31112.9
    BreastDeaths4,9907.0
    Prostate2012 Investment ($)$37,867,91913.2
    ProstateNew Cases23,36414.2
    ProstateDeaths3,7455.3
    Lung2012 Investment ($)$19,238,9376.7
    LungNew Cases23,24614.1
    LungDeaths19,10626.9
    Colorectal2012 Investment ($)$19,253,6246.7
    ColorectalNew Cases20,48312.4
    ColorectalDeaths8,89612.5
    Other2012 Investment ($)$133,888,07846.8
    OtherNew Cases76,59546.4
    OtherDeaths34,38848.4

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    "Other" refers to the remaining primary types of cancer listed in ICD-O-3. Included are all other invasive types and in situ for bladder.

    Data source for cancer research investment: Canadian Cancer Research Alliance, Canadian Cancer Research Survey.

    Data source for new cancer cases: Statistics Canada, Canadian Cancer Registry.

    Data source for cancer deaths: Statistics Canada, Vital Statistics Death Database.

    Source: CANSIM Table 103-0553 for cancer cases, CANSIM Table 102-0552 for cancer deaths.

    Figure 6.8

    Distribution of investment in prostate cancer research across areas of research for top five funders, Canada — 2005 and 2012

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    Research areas are based on Common Scientific Outline Codes.
    Data source: Canadian Cancer Research Alliance, Canadian Cancer Research Survey.

    Data Table

    Type of research YearInvestment ($)Percent (%)
    Biology20052,885,96623.5
    Etiology2005705,0915.7
    Prevention2005113,9400.9
    Early detection, diagnosis & prognosis20052,369,39619.3
    Treatment20055,240,11442.7
    Cancer control, survivorship & outcomes research2005884,0557.2
    Scientific model systems200567,2290.5
    Biology20124,732,78117.2
    Etiology20123,803,24313.9
    Prevention2012345,4941.3
    Early detection, diagnosis & prognosis20129,829,47335.8
    Treatment20128,036,79029.3
    Cancer control, survivorship & outcomes research2012630,1822.3
    Scientific model systems201271,3970.3

    + Expand Table

    Research areas are based on Common Scientific Outline Codes.
    Data source: Canadian Cancer Research Alliance, Canadian Cancer Research Survey.

    Figure 6.9

    Per capita investment (male population) in prostate cancer research, by province — 2005 and 2012

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    Project equivalents refers to the sum of projects weighted by their cancer relevance.
    The male population includes males of all ages.
    Data source: Canadian Cancer Research Alliance, Canadian Cancer Research Survey.

    Data Table

    ProvinceYearPer capita investment ($)
    BC20054.66
    AB20050.58
    SK20050.10
    MB20050.36
    ON20051.25
    QC20050.69
    NB20050.00
    NS20050.29
    PE20050.00
    NL20050.09
    BC20124.18
    AB20121.28
    SK20120.09
    MB20120.53
    ON20122.49
    QC20122.14
    NB20120.37
    NS20120.53
    PE20121.41
    NL20120.16

    + Expand Table

    Project equivalents refers to the sum of projects weighted by their cancer relevance.
    The male population includes males of all ages.
    Data source: Canadian Cancer Research Alliance, Canadian Cancer Research Survey.

  • Data specifications

    Data specifications

    Data and measurement considerations

    • Data come from the Canadian Cancer Research Survey (CCRS), which is carried out by the Canadian Cancer Research Alliance (CCRA). In 2012, the survey captured funding information from 42 organizations including governmental and voluntary sectors across Canada.
    • The CCRS captures research investments by federal agencies and programs, provincial government organizations and voluntary organizations; however, it does not capture investments made by hospital foundations (e.g., the BC Cancer Foundation, the Princess Margaret Hospital Foundation); organizations outside the country that fund Canada-based research (e.g., the National Cancer Institute in the United States); or industry-sponsored research and development. The survey captures at least 65% of the total estimated investment in cancer research.
    • For this analysis, investment in research that was relevant to all cancer sites or not site-specific was excluded. That is, only projects or grants in which the prostate cancer share of the total was greater than 1% were included.
    • Research areas are based on Common Scientific Outline (CSO) codes. Where more than one CSO code was assigned to a research project, the investment was distributed equally among the codes.
    • Burden of disease (as defined by incidence and mortality) is just one way to assess research investment; many other indicators are used to assess health burden. For the purpose of this report, however, only incidence and mortality were considered.
    • Project equivalents (Figure 6.9) refers to the sum of projects weighted by their cancer relevance. For example, in British Columbia in 2005, there were 53 projects in total. When their cancer relevance was accounted for, the number of projects decreased slightly to 47.7.

    Cancer research investment for the four most common cancers

    • Definition: The percentage distribution of cancer research investment across the four most common cancers (breast, prostate, lung, colorectal) in 2012. Within each disease site, distributions are shown alongside the percentage of new cancer cases in 2010 and cancer deaths in 2011. An ‘other’ category is also included to show the remaining distribution of cancer research investment.
    • Numerator:
      1. Investment: Amount of site-specific research investment (in dollars) for breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, or other cancers;
      2. New cases: Number of site-specific cases for breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, or other cancers;
      3. Deaths: Number of site-specific deaths from breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, or other cancers.
    • Denominator:
      1. Investment: Total amount of site-specific cancer research investment (in dollars);
      2. New cases: Total number of site-specific cases;
      3. Deaths: Total number of site-specific deaths.
    • Data source:
      1. Investment: Canadian Cancer Research Alliance, Canadian Cancer Research Survey;
      2. New cases: Statistics Canada (CANSIM Table 103-0553), Canadian Cancer Registry;
      3. Deaths: Statistics Canada (CANSIM Table 102-0552), Vital Statistics Death Database.
    • Measurement timeframe: 2012 (cancer research investment), 2010 (new cancer cases), 2011 (cancer deaths)
    • Stratification variables: disease site (breast, prostate, lung, colorectal, other)
    • General notes: N/A

    Prostate cancer research investment across areas of research for the top five funders

    • Definition: The percentage of investment in prostate cancer research by the top five funders* across the following five areas of research:
      • Biology; Etiology; Prevention; Early Detection, Diagnosis & Prognosis; Treatment; Cancer Control, Survivorship & Outcomes; and Scientific Model Systems.
    • Numerator: Amount of prostate cancer research investment contributed by the top five funders (in dollars) for a given area of research
    • Denominator: Total amount of prostate cancer research investment contributed by the top five funders (in dollars)
    • Data source: Canadian Cancer Research Alliance, Canadian Cancer Research Survey
    • Measurement timeframe: 2005, 2012
    • Stratification variables: Year (2005 vs. 2012)
    • Provinces submitting data: All
    • General notes:
      1. Research areas are based on Common Scientific Outline Codes.
      2. *In 2012, the top five funders were the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Prostate Cancer Canada, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, The Terry Fox Foundation, and Canadian Cancer Society. In 2010, the top five funders were the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canada Foundation for Innovation, Canadian Cancer Society, Terry Fox Foundation, and Prostate Cancer Canada.

    Per capita investment (male population) in prostate cancer research

    • Definition: The amount of per capita investment (in Canadian dollars) for prostate cancer research in each province
    • Numerator: Total amount of prostate investment (in Canadian dollars) from a given province in a given year
    • Denominator: The total male population (all ages) from a given province in a given year
    • Data source: Canadian Cancer Research Alliance, Canadian Cancer Research Survey
    • Measurement timeframe: 2005, 2012
    • Stratification variables: Province, year (2005 vs. 2012)
    • Provinces submitting data: All
    • General notes:
      1. The male population includes males of all ages.
  • Related indicators

    Related Indicators

    Prostate clinical trials participation

    Ratio of adult prostate cancer patients enrolled in clinical trial to number of incident cases, by province — 2013 enrolment year
    View this indicator
    Cancer research investment

    Comparison of the relative burden of disease to the relative investment in research by disease site: Distribution of cancer research investment (2013), new cancer cases (2012) and cancer deaths (2011), by disease site, Canada
    View this indicator
    Adult clinical trial participation

    Ratio of adult patients (aged 19+) enrolled in clinical trials to the number of cancer incident cases of all cancers, by jurisdiction — 2012 to 2015 enrollment years
    View this indicator
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