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    • Breast
      • Breast cancer screening
      • Screening in underserved populations
      • Breast cancer diagnosis wait time
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Surgery
        • Breast cancer resections that are mastectomies
        • The use of breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomies for breast cancer resections
      • Radiation therapy
        • Post-operative radiation therapy for stage I or II breast cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Cancer research investment
      • Breast cancer screening outside recommended guidelines
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Colorectal
      • Colorectal cancer screening
      • Geographic variation in colorectal cancer risk
      • Screening in underserved populations
      • Colorectal cancer diagnosis wait time
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Surgery
        • Removal and examination of 12 or more lymph nodes in colon resections
        • Resection rates for stage II or III rectal cancer, stage III colon cancer and stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
      • Radiation therapy
        • Pre-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage II or III rectal cancer
      • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Lung
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Geographic variation in lung cancer risk
      • Resection rates for stage II or IIIA Non-snmall cell lung cancer patients
      • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
      • Place of death
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence and mortality rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Prostate
      • PSA testing
      • Prostate risk profile
      • Capture of stage
      • Stage distribution
      • Prostate wait times for surgery
      • Prostate wait times for radiation therapy
      • Radical prostatectomy: open versus laparoscopic surgery
      • Prostate patterns of care: radiation and surgical treatment
      • Prostate access to palliative radiation
      • Prostate clinical trials participation
      • Adult clinical trial participation
      • Prostate cancer research investment
      • Cancer research investment
      • Incidence & Mortality Rates
      • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
    • Cervical
      • Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination
      • Cervical cancer screening
      • Screening in underserved populations
    • Pancreas
      • Incidence and mortality rates
    • Stage Distribution
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  • 1. Prevention
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  • Smoking prevalence
  • Smoking behaviours in current cancer patients
  • Smoking cessation
  • Second-hand smoke exposure
  • Geographic variation in lung cancer risk
  • Alcohol consumption
  • Adult overweight and obesity
  • Active transportation
  • Physical inactivity
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination
  • Fruit and vegetable consumption
  • Geographic variation in colorectal cancer risk
  • Cervical cancer screening
  • Breast cancer screening
  • Colorectal cancer screening
  • PSA testing
  • Screening in underserved populations
  • Breast cancer diagnosis wait times
  • Colorectal cancer diagnosis wait times
  • Capture of stage
  • Stage distribution
  • Prostate risk profile
  • Surgery
  • Radiation therapy
  • Systemic therapy
  • Removal and examination of 12 or more lymph nodes in colon resections
  • Resection rates for stage II or III rectal cancer, stage III colon cancer and stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer patients
  • The use of breast-conserving surgery versus mastectomies for breast cancer resections
  • Breast cancer resections that are mastectomies
  • High-risk, resource-intensive surgeries for esophageal, pancreatic, liver, lung and ovarian cancers in Canada
  • Prostate wait times for surgery
  • Radical prostatectomy: open versus laparoscopic surgery
  • Radiation therapy wait times
  • Radiation therapy utilization and capacity
  • Pre-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage II or III rectal cancer
  • Post-operative radiation therapy for patients with stage I or II breast cancer
  • Prostate wait times for radiation therapy
  • Prostate patterns of care: radiation and surgical treatment
  • Post-operative chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer patients
  • Post-operative chemotherapy for patients with stage II or IIIA non-small cell lung cancer
  • Screening for distress
  • Patient satisfaction
  • Place of death
  • Prostate access to palliative radiation
  • Adult clinical trial participation
  • Prostate clinical trials participation
  • Pediatric clinical trial participation
  • Cancer research investment
  • Prostate cancer research investment
  • Breast cancer screening outside of guidelines
  • Breast cancer mastectomies done as day surgery
  • Intensive care use in the last two weeks of life
  • Breast cancer
  • Lung cancer
  • Colorectal cancer
  • Prostate cancer
  • Pancreatic cancer
  • Five-year net survival by income quintile for several cancers in Canada
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  • Breast cancer screening

Breast cancer screening

  • Charts and Tables

    Charts and Tables

    Figure 2.2

    Participation rate in breast cancer screening programs (%), by jurisdiction – 2014 screening year

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    Rate includes screens in the 30-month period July1, 2012 - December 31, 2014.

    ON: Breast cancer prevalence estimates are underestimated because in-situ cancers were not registered at the time the Canadian Cancer Registry was created.

    QC: Breast cancer prevalence is estimated using the Canadian average (excluding Quebec).

    Data source: Provincial and territorial breast cancer screening programs.

    Data Table

    JurisdictionPercent (%)
    QC62.3
    NB60.1
    PE59.7
    AB58.0
    NS55.2
    BC54.4
    MB54.1
    ON49.1
    SK43.3
    NL36.6
    NT31.8
    YT–
    NU–

    + Expand Table

    Rate includes screens in the 30-month period July1, 2012 - December 31, 2014.

    ON: Breast cancer prevalence estimates are underestimated because in-situ cancers were not registered at the time the Canadian Cancer Registry was created.

    QC: Breast cancer prevalence is estimated using the Canadian average (excluding Quebec).

    Data source: Provincial and territorial breast cancer screening programs.

    Figure 2.11

    Abnormal call rate (subsequent screens), invasive cancer detection rate (subsequent screens), women aged 50 to 69 years — 2003 to 2012 screening years†

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    † “Subsequent screens” includes women who have been screened for breast cancer in the past, and excludes women new to the screening program.

    Target: Abnormal call rate (subsequent screen) is <5%; Invasive cancer detection rate (subsequent screen) is >3 per 1,000 screens.

    AB: Excluded from data prior to 2007 as the Alberta Breast Cancer Screening Program was launched in 2007.

    QC: Complete diagnostic/cancer information was available to September 30, 2012.

    Data source: Provincial breast cancer screening programs.

    Data Table

    YearIndicatorUnitNumber of screens Rate
    2003Abnormal call rate, subsequent screens%3,181,3076.7
    2004Abnormal call rate, subsequent screens%3,355,8666.4
    2005Abnormal call rate, subsequent screens%3,527,3926.1
    2006Abnormal call rate, subsequent screens%3,728,8146.0
    2007Abnormal call rate, subsequent screens%4,189,0386.0
    2008Abnormal call rate, subsequent screens%4,943,7396.1
    2009Abnormal call rate, subsequent screens%5,740,6056.2
    2010Abnormal call rate, subsequent screens%6,414,9446.4
    2011Abnormal call rate, subsequent screens%7,407,9917.1
    2012Abnormal call rate, subsequent screens%7,866,7857.4
    2003Invasive cancer detection rate, subsequent screensper 1,000 screens1,7573.7
    2004Invasive cancer detection rate, subsequent screensper 1,000 screens1,8353.5
    2005Invasive cancer detection rate, subsequent screensper 1,000 screens2,1403.7
    2006Invasive cancer detection rate, subsequent screensper 1,000 screens2,2373.6
    2007Invasive cancer detection rate, subsequent screensper 1,000 screens2,6533.8
    2008Invasive cancer detection rate, subsequent screensper 1,000 screens2,8373.5
    2009Invasive cancer detection rate, subsequent screensper 1,000 screens3,3333.6
    2010Invasive cancer detection rate, subsequent screensper 1,000 screens3,7093.7
    2011Invasive cancer detection rate, subsequent screensper 1,000 screens3,8613.7
    2012Invasive cancer detection rate, subsequent screensper 1,000 screens3,9333.7

    + Expand Table

    † “Subsequent screens” includes women who have been screened for breast cancer in the past, and excludes women new to the screening program.

    Target: Abnormal call rate (subsequent screen) is <5%; Invasive cancer detection rate (subsequent screen) is >3 per 1,000 screens.

    AB: Excluded from data prior to 2007 as the Alberta Breast Cancer Screening Program was launched in 2007.

    QC: Complete diagnostic/cancer information was available to September 30, 2012.

    Data source: Provincial breast cancer screening programs.

  • Data specifications

    Data specifications

    Participation rate in breast cancer screening program

    The results were extracted from figure 3B in the report: Breast Cancer Screening in Canada: Monitoring and Evaluation of Quality Indicators – Results Report, January 2011 to December 2012. Details on methodologies can be found in the report.


    Abnormal call in subsequent screening mammograms

    Definition: Percentage of subsequent screening mammograms that are identified as abnormal in women aged 50-69

    Rationale for measurement: Abnormal call rate is an important indicator of the quality of the mammography image and interpretation. A high abnormal call rate can increase the false positive rate and result in unnecessary (and potentially avoidable) tests. Programs should strive to balance the number of abnormal calls with the number of cancers detected. This can be monitored by comparing the number of abnormal screens per extra cancer detected. Programs with extremely low abnormal call rates should also be monitored as this may results in lower cancer detection and higher post-screen cancer rates.

    Measurement timeframe: Screening years 2003 to 2012

    Denominator: Number of subsequent screening mammograms during the timeframe in women aged 50-69

    Numerator: Number of subsequent screening mammograms identified as abnormal in women aged 50-69

    Exclusion criteria: 

    1. Women with ages beyond 50-69
    2.  Cases referred by clinical breast exam (CBE) alone
    3. Women new to the screening program

    Data availability: All provinces and NT

    Stratification: By years

    Data source: Canadian Breast Cancer Screening Database

    Data retrieval date: Mar 2016

    Variables details: Not applicable

    Notes from jurisdictions:

    • AB: Excluded from data prior to 2007 as the Alberta Breast Cancer Screening Program was launched in 2007.
    • QC: Complete diagnostic/cancer information was available to September 30, 2012.

    Methodology notes: Analysis was conducted by Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC).

    Changes to definition compared to previous years: Not applicable


    Invasive cancer detection in subsequent screening mammograms

    Definition: Invasive breast cancer detection rate (per 1,000 screens) in women aged 50-69 through subsequent screening mammograms

    Rationale for measurement: The cancer detection rate is to evaluate how successful the program is at finding invasive cancers. It is also meaningful when considered in relation to the abnormal call rate.

    Measurement timeframe: Screening years 2003 to 2012

    Denominator: Number of subsequent screening mammograms during the timeframe in women aged 50-69

    Numerator: Number of invasive breast cancer detected in subsequent screening mammograms in women aged 50-69

    Exclusion criteria:

    1. Women with ages beyond 50-69.
    2. Cancers detected by clinical breast exam (CBE) alone
    3. Women new to the screening program

    Data availability: All provinces and NT

    Stratification: By years

    Data source: Canadian Breast Cancer Screening Database

    Data retrieval date: Mar 2016

    Variables details: Not applicable

    Notes from jurisdictions:

    • AB: Excluded from data prior to 2007 as AB Breast Cancer Screening Program (ABCSP) launched in 2007

    Methodology notes: Analysis was conducted by Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC).

    Changes to definition compared to previous years: Not applicable

  • Related indicators

    Related Indicators

    Breast cancer diagnosis wait times

    Median and 90th percentile wait times for resolution of abnormal breast screen with tissue biopsy for asymptomatic women (aged 50–69), by jurisdiction — 2015 screening years
    View this indicator
    Breast cancer screening outside of guidelines

    Proportion of self-reported screening mammograms† performed on women within and outside the recommended target age (50-74) in the past year, jurisdictions combined‡ — 2008, 2012 and 2014 reporting years
    View this indicator
    Breast cancer

    Incidence rates for breast cancer in women, by stage at diagnosis and province, age-standardized to the 2011 Canadian population — 2015 diagnosis year
    View this indicator
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